The Chemistry of Life
Part 2
Study Questions

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  1. A process which restores nitrogen to the atmosphere is called:
  1. cellular respiration
  2. denitrification
  3. nitrogen fixation
  4. decomposition
  1. Carbohydrates play a direct role in: (check all that apply)
  1. structural support for animals
  2. structural support for plants
  3. energy storage for plants and animals
  4. information transmission
  1. Nucleotides: (check all that apply)
  1. are subunits of nucleic acids
  2. consist of a five-carbon sugar, one or more phosphate groups, and a nitrogen base
  3. form polymers through a series of condensation reactions
  4. examples: ATP and NADP
  1. Which of the following statements correctly describe the properties of nucleic acids? (check all that apply) They:
  1. are composed of nucleotide subunits
  2. are composed exclusively of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen
  3. play a role in information transmission and energy transformation
  4. include compounds such as DNA and RNA
  1. Which of the following elements can be metabolized directly by only a limited number of prokaryotic organisms?
  1. nitrogen
  2. carbon
  3. oxygen
  4. hydrogen
  1. Which of the following elements is the structural backbone of all organic compounds?
  1. nitrogen
  2. carbon
  3. oxygen
  4. hydrogen
  1. Enzymes reduce the amount of energy required to carry out a chemical reaction, thus slowing it down.
TRUE
FALSE
  1. Steroids are a class of proteins that include several hormones such as insulin and testosterone.
TRUE
FALSE
  1. Lipids play an important role in cell structure.
TRUE
FALSE
  1. All enzymes are proteins.
TRUE
FALSE
  1. Proteins are formed from the polymerization of nucleotide subunits.
TRUE
FALSE
MATCHING:
(use lower case; incorrect responses will be replaced with a "?".)

12. carbon a. amino acids

13. nitrogen b. a product of photosynthesis

14. oxygen c. glucose

15. hydrogen d. nucleotides

16. carbohydrate e. "backbone" element

17. lipid f. only metabolized by certain prokaryotes

18. protein g. phospholipids

19. nucleic acid h. in water as a product of aerobic respiration
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