Cells: Movement of Materials
Vocab 		"Most of the luxuries, and many of the so-called comforts of life, are not only not indispensible, but positive hinderances to the elevation of mankind."

--Henry David Thoreau Walden

active transport the cellular transportation system of using energy to move materials from an area of lower to one of higher solute concentration.

concentration gradient the difference in concentration that naturally promotes the movement of materials toward equilibrium.

diffusion the movement of materials from an area of higher to one of lower concentration.

facilitated diffusion the diffusion of molecules involving a facilitating protein, but not requiring energy.

osmosis the diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane.

selectively permeable membrane a membrane which permits some materials to pass through it while preventing others.

solute a substance dissolved in a given solution.

solvent a substance that dissolves the solute into a solution.

water potential the potential of water toward movement.

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