Protein Synthesis
Study Questions

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  1. Which of the following are true concerning protein synthesis?
  1. DNA must self-replicate before transcription.
  2. During transcription, DNA is used a s a template to make a strand of mRNA at the ribosome.
  3. tRNA connects ribosomes together to form proteins.
  4. Each nucleotide of the mRNA codes for 3 amino acids.
  5. Amino acids are bonded together by condensation reactions to form peptide bonds.
  1. Differences between RNA and DNA include:
  1. DNA is single stranded; RNA is double stranded.
  2. The sugar in DNA is deoxyribose; the sugar in RNA is ribose.
  3. The nitrogen bases in DNA re A, G, C, U; in RNA: A, G, C, T
  4. DNA remains in the nucleus; RNA travels to the cytoplasm
  5. DNA self-replicates; RNA does not.
  1. During the process of transcription, a segment of DNA produces a molecule if mRNA consisting of 45 nucleotides. Assuming all the nucleotides are used in transcription, how many amino acids will be gound in the protein?
  1. 135
  2. 45
  3. 25
  4. 15
  5. 9
  1. Which of the following represents the RNA nitrogen-base sequence transcribed from the following DNA nitrogen-base sequence: ATTGCACGTATAAGC ?
  1. AUUGCACGUAUAAGC
  2. TAACGTGCATATTCG
  3. UAACGUGCAUAUUCG
  4. UAACCUCGAUAUUCG
  1. How many amino acids would be in the protein translated from the above mRNA strand (question#4)?
  1. 45
  2. 15
  3. 5
  4. 4
  1. What would the codon (reading from left to right) for the second amino acid (question#4)?
  1. GCA
  2. CGU
  3. CGT
  4. TAC
  1. Which of the following is part of an RNA nucleotide?
  1. a ribose sugar, a phosphate group, and the nitrogen bases A, G, C, T
  2. a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and the nitrogen bases A, C, G, T
  3. a ribose sugar, a phosphate group, and the nitrogen bases A, G, C, U
  4. a ribose sugar, three phosphate groups, and the nitrogen base A
  1. DNA is the template for translation.
TRUE
FALSE
  1. All living things use DNA as the master blueprint for protein synthesis.
TRUE
FALSE
  1. Only mRNA is transcribed from DNA.
TRUE
FALSE
  1. Translation occurs in the nucleus of the cell whereas transcription occurs in the cytoplasm.
TRUE
FALSE
  1. Transcription is DNA to RNA whereas translation is RNA to proteins.
TRUE
FALSE
MATCHING:
(use lower case; incorrect responses will be replaced with a "?".)

13. tRNA a. RNA --> amino acids

14. rRNA b. DNA

15. mRNA c. DNA --> DNA

16. transcription d. anticodon

17. translation e. RNA

18. replication f. codon

19. uracil g. DNA --> RNA

20. thymine h. ribosome
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