Mendelian Genetics
Vocab
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"Our life is frittered away by detail. ... Simplicity, simplicity, simplicity! I say, let your affairs be as two or three, and not a hundred or a thousand." --Henry David Thoreau Walden
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dihybrid cross
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a genetic cross that accounts for two distinct pairs of genes. (example: TtYY x ttYy) |
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dominant allele
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the allele that is always expressed whether it is in a homozygous or heterozygous pairing.
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F1 generation
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the first generation of a genetic cross.
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F2 generation
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the offspring of the F1 generation |
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gene
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a genetic unit of heredity that usually specifies a polypeptide (translation); composed of DNA, in chromosomes.
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genetic trait
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a trait that is passed on from one generation to another. |
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genotype
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an organism's complete genetic makeup.
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monohybrid cross
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a genetic cross involving only one locus of alleles. (example: Tt x tt)
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phenotype
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the physical or chemical expression of an organism's genetic makeup. |
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principle of independent assortment
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the mutually independent inheritance of genes that are located on separate chromosome pairs. |
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principle of segregation
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separation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis; results in the placement of a single allele of each pair into different gametes.
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recessive allele
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alleles not expressed in the heterozygous state.
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B R I G H A M
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Y O U N G U N I V E R S I T Y
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